# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Direct Messages Archiver Usage: >>> from dmarchiver.core import Crawler >>> crawler = Crawler() >>> crawler.authenticate('username', 'password') >>> crawler.crawl('conversation_id') """ import collections import datetime from enum import Enum import os import pickle import re import shutil from sys import platform import time import lxml.html import requests import traceback from ratelimit import limits import random from json import dump as json_dump API_LIMIT = 900 API_RESET = 900 DEFAULT_BEARER_TOKEN = 'AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAANRILgAAAAAAnNwIzUejRCOuH5E6I8xnZz4puTs%3D1Zv7ttfk8LF81IUq16cHjhLTvJu4FA33AGWWjCpTnA' __all__ = ['Crawler'] # Expand short URL generated by Twitter def expand_url(url): """Return the expanded URL behind a short link""" response = requests.get(url, allow_redirects=False) return response.headers['location'] class Conversation(object): """This class is a representation of a complete conversation""" conversation_id = None tweets = collections.OrderedDict() def __init__(self, conversation_id): self.tweets = collections.OrderedDict() self.conversation_id = conversation_id def print_conversation(self): """Print the conversation in the console""" items = list(self.tweets.items()) items.reverse() for tweet in items: if type(tweet[1]).__name__ == 'DirectMessage': irc_formatted_date = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp( int(tweet[1].time_stamp)).strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') print( '[{0}] <{1}> '.format( irc_formatted_date, tweet[1].author), end='') for element in tweet[1].elements: print('{0} '.format(element), end='') print('\r') elif type(tweet[1]).__name__ == 'DMConversationEntry': print('[DMConversationEntry] {0}\r'.format(tweet[1])) def write_conversation(self, filename, max_id): """Write the content of the conversation to a file""" file_buffer = '' items = list(self.tweets.items()) items.reverse() for tweet in items: if type(tweet[1]).__name__ == 'DirectMessage': irc_formatted_date = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp( int(tweet[1].time_stamp)).strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') file_buffer += '[{0}] <{1}> '.format( irc_formatted_date, tweet[1].author) for element in tweet[1].elements: # Convert all '\n' of the buffer to os.linesep # to handle tweets on multiple lines file_buffer += '{0} '.format( element).replace('\n', os.linesep) # Remove the last space of the line file_buffer = file_buffer[:-1] # Add the end of line character file_buffer += '{0}'.format(os.linesep) elif type(tweet[1]).__name__ == 'DMConversationEntry': file_buffer += '[DMConversationEntry] {0}{1}'.format( tweet[1], os.linesep) # Write the latest tweet ID to allow incremental updates if len(items) > 0: file_buffer += '[LatestTweetID] {0}{1}'.format( tweet[1].tweet_id, os.linesep) if max_id != '0': with open(filename, 'rb+') as file: lines = file.readlines() # Remove last line and rewrite the file (poor # performance...) lines = lines[:-1] file.seek(0) file.write(b''.join(lines)) file.truncate() file_mode = "ab" if max_id == '0': file_mode = "wb" with open(filename, file_mode) as file: file.write(file_buffer.encode('UTF-8')) class DMConversationEntry(object): """This class is a representation of a DMConversationEntry. It could be a when a new user join the group, when the group is renamed or the picture updated. """ tweet_id = '' _text = '' def __init__(self, tweet_id, text): self.tweet_id = tweet_id self._text = text.strip() def __str__(self): return self._text class DirectMessage(object): """This class is a representation of a Direct Message (a tweet)""" tweet_id = '' time_stamp = '' author = '' elements = [] def __init__(self, tweet_id, time_stamp, author): self.tweet_id = tweet_id self.time_stamp = time_stamp self.author = author class DirectMessageText(object): """ This class is a representation of simple text message. This is an "element" of the Direct Message. """ _text = '' def __init__(self, text): self._text = text def __str__(self): return self._text class DirectMessageTweet(object): """ This class is a representation of a quoted tweet. This is an "element" of the Direct Message. """ _tweet_url = '' def __init__(self, tweet_url): self._tweet_url = tweet_url def __str__(self): return '[Tweet] {0}'.format(self._tweet_url) class MediaType(Enum): """ This class is a representation of the possible media types.""" image = 1 gif = 2 video = 3 sticker = 4 unknown = 5 class DirectMessageMedia(object): """ This class is a representation of a embedded media. This is an "element" of the Direct Message. """ _media_preview_url = '' _media_url = '' _media_alt = '' _media_type = '' _media_replace_url = '' def __init__(self, media_url, media_preview_url, media_type, media_replace_url): self._media_url = media_url self._media_preview_url = media_preview_url self._media_type = media_type self._media_replace_url = media_replace_url def __repr__(self): # Todo return "{0}('{1}','{2}','{3}')".format( self.__class__.__name__, self._media_url, self._media_preview_url, self._media_replace_url) def __str__(self): if self._media_preview_url != '': return '[Media-{0}] {1} [Media-preview] {2}'.format( self._media_type.name, self._media_url, self._media_preview_url) else: return '[Media-{0}] {1}'.format( self._media_type.name, self._media_url) class Crawler(object): """ This class is a main component of the tool. It allows to create an authentication session, retrieve the conversation list and loop to gather all the tweets. """ _twitter_base_url = 'https://twitter.com' _referer_url = 'https://twitter.com/messages/{}' _bearer_token_url = 'https://abs.twimg.com/responsive-web/client-web/main.05e1f885.js' _api_url = 'https://api.twitter.com' _user_agent = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/62.0.3202.89 Safari/537.36' if platform == 'darwin': _user_agent = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_13) AppleWebKit/603.1.13 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/10.1 Safari/603.1.13' elif platform == 'linux' or platform == 'linux2': _user_agent = 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.116 Safari/537.36' _http_headers = { 'User-Agent': _user_agent} _login_headers = { 'User-Agent': _user_agent, 'Referer': 'https://mobile.twitter.com/login'} _ajax_headers = { 'user-agent': _user_agent, 'accept': '*/*', 'accept-encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br', 'referer': 'https://mobile.twitter.com', 'x-twitter-active-user': 'yes', 'origin': 'https://twitter.com', 'accept-language': 'en-US,en-GB;q=0.9,en;q=0.8'} _api_headers = { 'User-Agent': _user_agent, 'Accept': '*/*', 'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br', 'Accept-Language': 'en-US,en-GB;q=0.9,en;q=0.8', 'Origin': 'https://twitter.com', 'Sec-Fetch-Dest': 'empty', 'Sec-Fetch-Site': 'same-site', 'X-Twitter-Active-User': 'yes', 'X-Twitter-Auth-Type': 'OAuth2Session', 'X-Twitter-Client-Language': 'en'} _max_id_found = False _session = None def authenticate(self, username, password, save_session, raw_output, mfa_token=None): force_nojs = 'https://mobile.twitter.com/i/nojs_router?path=%2Flogin' login_url = 'https://mobile.twitter.com/login' mfa_url = 'https://mobile.twitter.com/account/login_verification' sessions_url = 'https://mobile.twitter.com/sessions' messages_url = self._twitter_base_url + '/messages' if save_session: try: with open('dmarchiver_session.dat', 'rb') as file: self._session = pickle.load(file) print('dmarchiver_session.dat found. Reusing a previous session, ignoring the provided credentials.') # Test if the session is still valid response = self._session.get(messages_url, headers=self._http_headers, allow_redirects=False) if response.status_code == 200: return else: self._session = None print('Previous session is invalid. Creating a new session with provided credentials.') except FileNotFoundError: print('dmarchiver_session.dat not found. Creating a new session with provided credentials.') if save_session is False or self._session is None: self._session = requests.Session() if raw_output: raw_output_file = open( 'authentication-{0}.txt'.format(username), 'wb') response = self._session.post( force_nojs, headers=self._login_headers) if raw_output: raw_output_file.write(response.content) raw_output_file.close() document = lxml.html.document_fromstring(response.content) authenticity_token = document.xpath( '//input[@name="authenticity_token"]/@value')[0] payload = {'session[username_or_email]': str(username), 'session[password]': password, 'authenticity_token': authenticity_token} response = self._session.post( sessions_url, headers=self._ajax_headers, params=payload) if mfa_token is not None and 'auth_token' not in dict(self._session.cookies): document = lxml.html.document_fromstring(response.content) challenge_id = document.xpath('//input[@name="challenge_id"]/@value')[0] user_id = document.xpath('//input[@name="user_id"]/@value')[0] payload = { 'challenge_type': 'Totp', 'user_id': user_id, 'platform': 'web', 'challenge_response': str(mfa_token), 'challenge_id': challenge_id, 'authenticity_token': authenticity_token} response = self._session.post(mfa_url, headers=self._ajax_headers, params=payload) cookies = requests.utils.dict_from_cookiejar(self._session.cookies) if 'auth_token' in cookies: print('Authentication succeedeed.{0}'.format(os.linesep)) if save_session: # Saving the session locally with open('dmarchiver_session.dat', "wb") as file: pickle.dump(self._session, file) else: raise PermissionError( 'Your username or password was invalid. Note: DMArchiver supports multi-factor authentication (provided at command-line), but not application passwords.') def _get_bearer_token(self): try: response = self._session.get(self._bearer_token_url) return 'Bearer {}'.format(re.findall('(AAAAAA.*?)\"',str(response.content))[0]) except: return 'Bearer {}'.format(DEFAULT_BEARER_TOKEN) def _cookie_string(self): cookies = dict(self._session.cookies) csrf_token = ''.join(random.choice('1234567890abcdef') for i in range(32)) cookies['ct0'] = csrf_token self._api_headers['x-csrf-token'] = csrf_token self._api_headers['Authorization'] = self._get_bearer_token() return "; ".join([str(x)+"="+str(y) for x,y in cookies.items()]) def get_threads(self, delay, raw_output): threads = [] messages_url = self._twitter_base_url + '/messages' payload = {} first_request = False if raw_output: raw_output_file = open( 'conversation-list.txt', 'wb') while True: response = self._session.get( messages_url, headers=self._ajax_headers, params=payload) if raw_output: raw_output_file.write(response.content) json = response.json() if 'errors' in json: print('An error occured during the parsing of the conversions.\n') if json['errors'][0]['code'] == 326: print('''DMArchiver was identified as suspicious and your account as been temporarily locked by Twitter. Don\'t worry, you can unlock your account by following the intructions on the Twitter website. Maybe it\'s the first time you use it or maybe you have a lot of messages. You can unlock your account and try again, and possibly use the -d option to slow down the tool.\n''') print('''Twitter error details below: Code {0}: {1}\n'''.format(json['errors'][0]['code'], json['errors'][0]['message'])) raise Exception('Stopping execution due to parsing error while retrieving the conversations') try: if first_request is False: first_request = True threads += json['inner']['trusted']['threads'] if json['inner']['trusted']['has_more'] is False: break payload = {'is_trusted': 'true', 'max_entry_id': json[ 'inner']['trusted']['min_entry_id']} messages_url = self._twitter_base_url + '/inbox/paginate?is_trusted=true&max_entry_id=' + \ json['inner']['trusted']['min_entry_id'] else: if json['trusted']['is_empty'] is True: break threads += json['trusted']['threads'] if json['trusted']['has_more'] is False: break payload = {'is_trusted': 'true', 'max_entry_id': json['trusted']['min_entry_id']} messages_url = self._twitter_base_url + '/inbox/paginate?is_trusted=true&max_entry_id=' + \ json['trusted']['min_entry_id'] except KeyError as ex: print( 'Unable to fully parse the list of the conversations.\n \ Maybe your account is locked or Twitter has updated the HTML code.\n \ Use -r to get the raw output and post an issue on GitHub.\n \ Exception: {0}'.format(str(ex))) break time.sleep(delay) if raw_output: raw_output_file.close() return threads def _get_latest_tweet_id(self, thread_id): filename = '{0}.txt'.format(thread_id) try: with open(filename, 'rb+') as file: lines = file.readlines() regex = r"^\[LatestTweetID\] ([0-9]+)" result = re.match(regex, lines[-1].decode('utf-8')) if result: print('Latest tweet ID found in previous dump. Incremental update.') return result.group(1) else: print( 'Latest tweet ID not found in previous dump. Creating a new one with incremental support.') except IOError: print( "Previous conversation not found. Creating a new one with incremental support.") return '0' def _get_media_url(self, variants): return sorted(variants, key = lambda i: i['bitrate'] if 'bitrate' in i else -1, reverse=True)[0]['url'] def _parse_dm_media(self, type, media, tweet_id, time_stamp, download): media_url = '' media_preview_url = '' media_alt = '' media_replace_url = '' media_type = MediaType.unknown formatted_timestamp = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp( int(time_stamp)).strftime('%Y%m%d-%H%M%S') self._session.headers.update({'Referer': 'https://twitter.com/?lang=en'}) media_replace_url = media['expanded_url'] if type == 'photo': media_url = media['media_url_https'] media_filename_re = re.findall(r'/\d+/(.+)/(.+)$', media_url) media_sticker_filename_re = re.findall( '/stickers/stickers/(.+)$', media_url) if len(media_filename_re) > 0: media_type = MediaType.image media_filename = '{0}-{1}-{2}-{3}'.format( formatted_timestamp, tweet_id, media_filename_re[0][0], media_filename_re[0][1]) elif len(media_sticker_filename_re) > 0: # It is a sticker media_type = MediaType.sticker media_filename = 'sticker-' + media_sticker_filename_re[0] else: # Unknown media type print("Unknown media type") if media_filename is not None and download: response = self._session.get(media_url, headers=self._api_headers, stream=True) while response.status_code == 429: time.sleep(60) response = self._session.get(media_url, headers=self._api_headers, stream=True) if response.status_code == 200: os.makedirs( '{0}/images'.format(self._conversation_id), exist_ok=True) with open('{0}/images/{1}'.format(self._conversation_id, media_filename), 'wb') as file: file.write(response.content) elif type == 'animated_gif': media_type = MediaType.gif media_preview_url = media['media_url_https'] media_url = self._get_media_url(media['video_info']['variants']) media_filename_re = re.findall(r'dm_gif/(.+)/(.+)$', media_url) media_filename = '{0}-{1}-{2}'.format(formatted_timestamp, media_filename_re[0][ 0], media_filename_re[0][1]) if download: response = self._session.get(media_url, stream=True) if response.status_code == 200: os.makedirs( '{0}/mp4-gifs'.format(self._conversation_id), exist_ok=True) with open('{0}/mp4-gifs/{1}'.format(self._conversation_id, media_filename), 'wb') as file: file.write(response.content) elif type == 'video': media_type = MediaType.video media_preview_url = media['media_url_https'] media_url = self._get_media_url(media['video_info']['variants']) media_filename = '{0}-{1}.mp4'.format( formatted_timestamp, tweet_id) if download: response = self._session.get(media_url, stream=True) if response.status_code == 200: os.makedirs( '{0}/mp4-videos'.format(self._conversation_id), exist_ok=True) with open('{0}/mp4-videos/{1}'.format(self._conversation_id, media_filename), 'wb') as file: file.write(response.content) else: print('Unknown media') return DirectMessageMedia(media_url, media_preview_url, media_type, media_replace_url) def _process_tweets(self, tweets, users, download, max_id): conversation_set = {} for tweet_container in tweets: try: for type, t in tweet_container.items(): tweet_type = type tweet_id = t['id'] tweet = t if tweet_id == max_id: self._max_id_found = True print('Previous tweet limit found.') break time_stamp = tweet['time'][:10] if tweet_type == 'conversation_name_update': dm_author = tweet['by_user_id'] dm_author_name = users[dm_author]['screen_name'] text = '{} changed the group name to {}'.format( dm_author_name, tweet['conversation_name']) dm_author_name = 'DMConversationEntry' elif tweet_type == 'join_conversation' or tweet_type == 'participants_join': dm_author = tweet['sender_id'] dm_author_name = users[dm_author]['screen_name'] joiners = [users[user['user_id']]['screen_name'] for user in tweet['participants']] text = '{} added {}.'.format(dm_author_name, ', '.join(joiners)) dm_author_name = 'DMConversationEntry' elif tweet_type == 'leave_conversation' or tweet_type == 'participants_leave': leavers = [users[user['user_id']]['screen_name'] for user in tweet['participants']] text = '{} left.'.format(', '.join(leavers)) dm_author_name = 'DMConversationEntry' elif tweet_type == 'message': dm_author = tweet['message_data']['sender_id'] dm_author_name = users[dm_author]['screen_name'] msg = tweet['message_data'] text = msg['text'] if 'entities' in msg and 'urls' in msg['entities']: for url in msg['entities']['urls']: text = text.replace(url['url'], url['expanded_url']) if 'attachment' in msg: for k, v in msg['attachment'].items(): if k == 'tweet': element = DirectMessageTweet(v['expanded_url']) text = text.replace(element._tweet_url, str(element)) else: element = self._parse_dm_media(k, v, tweet_id, time_stamp, download[k]) text = text.replace(element._media_replace_url, str(element)) else: # unknown type raise Exception message = DirectMessage(tweet_id, time_stamp, dm_author_name) message.elements = [DirectMessageText(text)] except KeyboardInterrupt: print( 'Script execution interruption requested. Writing the conversation.') self._max_id_found = True break except Exception as ex: print( 'Unexpected error \'{0}\' for tweet \'{1}\', raw JSON will be used for the tweet.'.format(ex, tweet_id)) traceback.print_exc() message = DMConversationEntry( tweet_id, '[ParseError] Parsing of tweet \'{0}\' failed. Raw JSON: {1}'.format( tweet_id, tweet)) if message is not None: conversation_set[tweet_id] = message return conversation_set @limits(calls=API_LIMIT, period=API_RESET) def _api_call(self, url, headers, payload): return self._session.get(url, headers=headers, params=payload) def crawl( self, conversation_id, delay=0, download_images=False, download_gifs=False, download_videos=False, raw_output=False): raw_output_file = None if raw_output: raw_output_file = open( '{0}-raw.txt'.format(conversation_id), 'wb') print('{0}Starting crawl of \'{1}\''.format( os.linesep, conversation_id)) # Attempt to find the latest tweet id of a previous crawl session max_id = self._get_latest_tweet_id(conversation_id) payload = {} self._conversation_id = conversation_id conversation = Conversation(conversation_id) conversation_url = '{}/1.1/dm/conversation/{}.json'.format(self._api_url, conversation_id) self._api_headers['referer'] = self._referer_url.format(conversation_id) self._api_headers['cookie'] = self._cookie_string() processed_tweet_counter = 0 try: while True and self._max_id_found is False: response = self._api_call(conversation_url, self._api_headers, payload) json = response.json() if 'conversation_timeline' not in json: print('An error occured during the parsing of the tweets.\n') if json['errors'][0]['code'] == 326: print('''DMArchiver was identified as suspicious and your account as been temporarily locked by Twitter. Don\'t worry, you can unlock your account by following the intructions on the Twitter website. Maybe it\'s the first time you use it or maybe you have a lot of messages. You can unlock your account and try again, and possibly use the -d option to slow down the tool.\n''') print('''Twitter error details below: Code {0}: {1}\n'''.format(json['errors'][0]['code'], json['errors'][0]['message'])) raise Exception('Stopping execution due to parsing error while retrieving the tweets.') json = json['conversation_timeline'] payload = {'max_id': json['min_entry_id']} tweets = json['entries'] users = json['users'] if raw_output: json_dump(json, raw_output_file) # Get tweets for the current request conversation_set = self._process_tweets( tweets, users, {'photo': download_images, 'animated_gif': download_gifs, 'video': download_videos}, max_id) # Append to the whole conversation for tweet_id in conversation_set: processed_tweet_counter += 1 conversation.tweets[tweet_id] = conversation_set[tweet_id] print('Processed tweets: {0}\r'.format( processed_tweet_counter), end='') if json['status'] == 'AT_END': print('Begin of thread reached') break time.sleep(delay) except KeyboardInterrupt: print( 'Script execution interruption requested. Writing this conversation.') if raw_output: raw_output_file.close() print('Total processed tweets: {0}'.format(processed_tweet_counter)) # print('Printing conversation') # conversation.print_conversation() print('Writing conversation to {0}.txt'.format( os.path.join(os.getcwd(), conversation_id))) conversation.write_conversation( '{0}.txt'.format(conversation_id), max_id) self._max_id_found = False